企业生产率对OFDI进入模式选择的影响——基于融资约束的调节作用

利用《境外投资企业机构目录》和西风（Zephyr）全球并购数据库匹配后的数据,基于企业生产率的视角研究对外直接投资进入模式的选择机制,并进一步根据融资约束差异对其进行异质性分析。研究结果显示：（1）企业的生产率越高越有可能选择海外并购的方式进入国际市场,而生产率低的企业则倾向于选择新建投资模式进入国际市场;（2）生产率的这种影响机制在不同地区/行业间存在差异,东部地区企业或制造行业企业生产率的影响更为显著;（3）融资约束弱化了企业生产率对对外直接投资模式选择的作用。     

以“数”谋“盈”：企业数字化转型对盈余持续性的影响研究

以2007—2021年沪深A股上市公司为研究样本,基于企业数字化转型的“治理效应”“信息效应”和“融资效应”,实证检验企业数字化转型对盈余持续性的影响及作用机制。研究发现,企业数字化转型可显著提高盈余持续性,其作用机制在于抑制真实盈余管理、提高信息透明度和缓解融资约束。从异质性视角来看,“底层技术运用”和“技术实践应用”均可显著提高盈余持续性;在非国有企业、成长性低的企业中,企业数字化转型对盈余持续性的影响更加显著。企业应该坚定实施数字化转型的信心,增强实施数字化转型的动力,以谋求持续稳定的收益。     

战略性新兴产业政策与企业ESG 表现

“十四五”时期,国家对战略性新兴产业制定了更全面的规划和更长远的目标,持续加强对战略性新兴产业的政策支持。瞄准企业ESG 表现为切入点,以2007 年-2021 年沪深A 股上市公司为研究样本,实证检验战略性新兴产业政策对企业ESG 表现的影响和作用机制,评价战略性新兴产业政策的实施效果。结果发现,战略性新兴产业政策显著提升了企业ESG 表现,上述结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依旧成立。机制检验发现,战略性新兴产业政策通过促进企业绿色技术创新、缓解融资约束以及吸引分析师关注来提升企业ESG 表现。进一步研究发现,在董事长与总经理两职分离的企业中以及在经济政策稳定性高的环境中战略性新兴产业政策对企业ESG 表现的提升效果更为明显。     

合理利用科技档案实现档案借阅查询系统管理自动化

科技档案对推动科技进步发挥着重要的作用。本文介绍了在科技档案管理中 ,应用计算机技术、网络技术和数据库技术实现科技档案借阅查询自动化管理的方法 ,对于提高科技档案管理水平有着重要的参考价值。     

融资约束对企业创新的影响

本文对2011年到2017年的深证上市企业融资约束和企业创新之间的关系进行实证研究。通过控制变量,对变量之间进行回归分析,结果显示融资约束给企业创新带来了不利影响。再通过协整关系检验和格兰杰因果关系进行检验,最终结果仍显示融资约束对企业创新的不利影响。因此,如果能改变企业所处的融资环境,就能改善各个企业的创新能力,进而促进我国经济的稳健持久的发展。     

Corporate efficiency,credit status and investment

This paper considers the relationship between financial frictions and investment. In an effort to clarify the role of cash flow in examining the impact of capital market imperfections, endogenous switching regression models are estimated for a panel of 1122 UK firms listed on the London Stock Exchange over the period of 1981–2009. Not only is the financial regime which the firm faces endogenous, we also allow the regime to change over time via modeling efficiency using stochastic frontier analysis. The results reveal that a firm's constrained credit status changes with the improvement of its efficiency. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that financially constrained firm's investment is comparatively more sensitive to its cash flow. Moreover, this sensitivity is statistically significant and is negatively related with corporate efficiency.     

What is a fair amount of executive compensation? Outrage potential of two key stakeholder groups

The public discussion of executive compensation often centres on ‘fair’ and ‘unfair’ amounts and the public outrage over compensation that is deemed too high. The academic literature states that such outrage can lead to outrage costs, pressuring firms to adjust compensation levels. However, it is unclear what a ‘fair’ compensation is for various stakeholders and how their fairness concerns relate to outrage constraints. Based on surveys among two key stakeholder groups (representative eligible voters and investment professionals), we provide evidence that fairness is an important criterion for both groups but that opinions on how large a fair compensation amount should be are widely dispersed. Moreover, personality traits systematically influence fairness opinions through self‐serving interpretations of distributive justice and personal risk attitudes, indicating that a ‘fair’ amount of executive compensation may strongly depend on the involved stakeholders. Investigating thresholds for outrage, i.e., amounts above which compensation is judged ‘unfairly’ high, we show that even though investment professionals care for fairness as well, ‘capital market outrage’ might not equate to ‘public outrage’. Our paper contributes to the literature on outrage constraints by linking individual fairness concerns to outrage potential and has implications for transparency of executive compensation and research on shareholder activism.     

Mutual fund performance: Using bespoke benchmarks to disentangle mandates,constraints and skill

While no two mutual funds are alike in terms of their mandates and constraints, metrics used to evaluate fund performance relative to peers typically fail to account for these differences by relying on generic benchmark indices and rankings. We develop a methodology to construct a conditional multi-factor benchmark that explicitly incorporates the details of a given fund’s mandates and constraints. The results suggest that (i) mandates and constraints are economically important and affect funds differently, (ii) in general, the average mutual fund has a much improved track record when comparing themselves to a bespoke benchmark, and (iii) the rank ordering of fund bespoke performance relative peers is significantly different than the original rank ordering suggesting advisors and board of directors would make better decisions regarding compensation and performance assessment respectively, if they incorporate the impact of mandates and constraints.     

Forecasting stock returns: A predictor-constrained approach

We develop a novel method to impose constraints on univariate predictive regressions of stock returns. Unlike previous approaches in the literature, we implement our constraints directly on the predictor, setting it to zero whenever its value falls within the variable’s past 24-month high and low. Empirically, we find that relative to standard unconstrained predictive regressions, our approach leads to significantly larger forecast gains. We also show how a simple equal-weighted combination of our constrained forecasts leads to further improvements in forecast accuracy, generating forecasts that are more accurate than those obtained using current constrained methods. Further analysis confirms that these findings are robust to the presence of model instabilities and structural breaks.     

CFO权力与企业债务违约

本文从组织权力、专家权力、声誉权力、所有权权力四方面构建CFO综合权力指数,基于2008~2017年沪深A股数据,分析了CFO权力对企业债务违约概率的影响及作用机制。研究结果显示,CFO权力越大,企业债务违约概率越低,在控制内生性影响后,该结论仍然成立。进一步研究发现,具有较大权力的CFO通过降低业绩波动性和缓解融资约束来抑制企业发生债务违约。本文从CFO权力视角拓展了债务违约影响因素研究,对企业完善人力资源制度安排和降低债务违约风险具有一定的借鉴价值。